A vast number of real-world (often complex) tasks can be viewed as an optimization problem, where the goal is to minimize or maximize a given goal. In effect, optimization is quite useful in distinct application domains, such as Agriculture, Banking, Control, Engineering, Finance, Marketing, Production and Science. Moreover, due to advances in Information Technology, nowadays it is easy to store and process data. Since the 1970s, and following the Moore’s law, the number of transistors in computer processors has doubled every 2 years, resulting in more computational power at a reasonable price. And it is estimated that the amount of data storage doubles at a higher rate. Furthermore, organizations and individual users are currently pressured to increase efficiency and reduce costs. Rather than taking decisions based on human experience and intuition, there is an increasing trend for adopting computational tools, based on optimization methods, to analyze real-world data in order to make better informed decisions