Q switched Er doped fiber laser with low pumping threshold using graphene satura

We propose a Q-switched Er-doped fiber laser (EDFL) with a threshold pumping power as low as 7.4 mW, and demonstrate using graphene polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) thin film as a passive saturable absorber (SA). The SA is fabricated from graphene flakes, which is synthesized by electrochemical exfoliation o