Modular Multilevel Converters (MMC) have emerged as a pivotal component in modern power conversion systems. Analyzing MMC involves an in-depth exploration of its modular structure, comprehensive control methodologies, and multifaceted applications. Understanding the analysis reveals the intricacies of MMC's architecture, including submodule configurations, voltage levels, and the nuances of control methods like modulation strategies and capacitor voltage balancing. The control aspect encompasses intricate pulse-width modulation techniques, ensuring optimal performance, fault tolerance, and grid stability. Moreover, MMC's applications span across various sectors, notably renewable energy integration, high-voltage direct current transmission, and industrial applications. The adaptability and scalability of MMC make it a cornerstone technology in advancing power electronics for a sustainable and efficient energy future.