【国外通信教程】High-Level Modeling and Synthesis of Analog Integrated Systems Contents 1Introduction ...............................................1 1.1Theworldofelectronics..................................1 1.1.1Ahistoricperspective..............................1 1.1.2Aneconomicperspective...........................2 1.1.3Atechnologica lperspective.........................5 1.1.4Adesignperspective...............................8 1.2Analogdesignautomation................................9 1.2.1Researchareas....................................9 1.2.2High-levelsynthesisofanalogandmixed-signal systems..........................................11 References..................................................12 PartIAnalogDesignMethodologies 2FoundationsofDesignFlowsforAMSSystems ............17 2.1Introduction............................................17 2.2Analogandmixed-signalsystems..........................17 2.3Descriptionandabstractionlevels.........................19 2.3.1Definitions.......................................19 2.3.2Operationsintheabstraction–descriptionplane.......23 2.4Parametersandperformance..............................25 2.5Designflowsforanalogandmixed-signalsystems............28 2.5.1Thegenericdesignflow............................28 2.5.2Simplifiedgenericdesignflows......................30 2.5.3Specificationofthegenericdesignflow...............32 2.6Conclusions.............................................32 References..................................................33 3AnalogandMixed-SignalDesignStrategies ................37 3.1Introduction............................................37 3.2Classification...........................................37 3.3Historicoverview........................................39 3.3.1Selectionbeforeorafterdimensioning................39 3.3.2Selectionduringdimensioning.......................49 3.3.3Top-downcreation.................................53 3.3.4Bottom-upgeneration..............................57 3.3.5Overview.........................................61 3.4Designstrategybasedongenericbehavior..................63 3.4.1Designflow.......................................64 3.4.2Genericbehavioralmodels..........................67 3.5Conclusions.............................................70 References..................................................71 PartIIGenericBehavioralModeling 4Time-DomainGenericBehavioralModels ..................85 4.1Introduction............................................85 4.2Time-domainmodelingapproaches........................86 4.2.1Time-domainsimulation...........................86 4.2.2Time-marchingalgorithms..........................87 4.2.3Sampled-datamethods.............................89 4.2.4Waveformrelaxation...............................90 4.2.5Collocationmethods...............................91 4.2.6Conclusion.......................................92 4.3Amodelforcontinuous-time∆Σmodulators................92 4.3.1Thegenericbehavioralmodel.......................93 4.3.2Templatesforthegenericfunctions..................102 4.3.3Implementationofthegenericbehavioralmodel.......122 4.4Agenericbehavioralmodelforsampled-datasystems........129 4.4.1Generalsampled-datasystems......................129 4.4.2Genericbehavioralmodel...........................130 4.4.3Templatesforthegenericfunctions..................133 4.4.4Implementation...................................137 4.5Conclusions.............................................139 References..................................................140 5Frequency-DomainGenericBehavioralModels ............145 5.1Introduction............................................145 5.2Frequency-domainmodelingapproaches....................145 5.2.1Frequency-domainsimulation.......................145 5.2.2Harmonicbalancealgorithms.......................147 5.2.3Approacheswithtime-domainequivalentlow-pass models...........................................148 ContentsXI 5.2.4Strictlyfrequency-domainapproaches................149 5.2.5Overview.........................................150 5.3Anewfrequency-domainframework.......................151 5.3.1Requirements.....................................152 5.3.2Signalrepresentation..............................153 5.3.3Linearrepresentationofbuildingblocks..............160 5.3.4NoisesignalsinthePhase-FrequencyTransfermodel...171 5.3.5Nonlinearbehaviorofbuildingblocks................177 5.4Genericbehavioralmodelsforfront-ends...................187 5.4.1FundamentalRFreceiverfront-endoperation.........187 5.4.2Genericbehavioralmodel...........................188 5.4.3Templatesforthegenericfunctions..................191 5.4.4Implementationandexperimentalresults.............198 5.5Conclusions.............................................204 References..................................................205 PartIIITop-DownHeterogeneousSynthesis 6Top-DownHeterogeneousOptimization ....................213 6.1Introduction............................................213 6.2Objectivesforsynthesisstrategy...........................213 6.2.1Fundamentalrequirements..........................214 6.2.2Anevolutionaryapproach..........................218 6.3Top-downheterogeneousoptimizationmethodology..........219 6.3.1Overviewofmethodology...........................219 6.3.2Designpopulation.................................222 6.3.3Theembryonicdesign..............................225 6.3.4Performancecalculators............................228 6.3.5Evaluators........................................229 6.3.6Satisfactionlevels.................................231 6.3.7Transformations...................................235 6.3.8Selectionoftransformations........................241 6.3.9Conclusion.......................................243 6.4Application:analog-to-digitalconversion....................244 6.4.1Dedicatedlibraryfortop-downheterogeneous optimization......................................244 6.4.2DedicatedprogramforA/Dconversion...............245 6.5Conclusions.............................................253 References..................................................254 7Conclusions ................................................257 SymbolsandAbbreviations ....................................261 Index ..........................................................271 lperspective.........................5 1.1.4Adesignperspective...............................8 1.2Analogdesignautomation................................9 1.2.1Researchareas....................................9 1.2.2High-levelsynthesisofanalogandmixed-signal systems..........................................11 References..................................................12 PartIAnalogDesignMethodologies 2FoundationsofDesignFlowsforAMSSystems ............17 2.1Introduction............................................17 2.2Analogandmixed-signalsystems..........................17 2.3Descriptionandabstractionlevels.........................19 2.3.1Definitions.......................................19 2.3.2Operationsintheabstraction–descriptionplane.......23 2.4Parametersandperformance..............................25 2.5Designflowsforanalogandmixed-signalsystems............28 2.5.1Thegenericdesignflow............................28 2.5.2Simplifiedgenericdesignflows......................30 2.5.3Specificationofthegenericdesignflow...............32 2.6Conclusions.............................................32 References..................................................33 3AnalogandMixed-SignalDesignStrategies ................37 3.1Introduction............................................37 3.2Classification...........................................37 3.3Historicoverview........................................39 3.3.1Selectionbeforeorafterdimensioning................39 3.3.2Selectionduringdimensioning.......................49 3.3.3Top-downcreation.................................53 3.3.4Bottom-upgeneration..............................57 3.3.5Overview.........................................61 3.4Designstrategybasedongenericbehavior..................63 3.4.1Designflow.......................................64 3.4.2Genericbehavioralmodels..........................67 3.5Conclusions.............................................70 References..................................................71 PartIIGenericBehavioralModeling 4Time-DomainGenericBehavioralModels ..................85 4.1Introduction............................................85 4.2Time-domainmodelingapproaches........................86 4.2.1Time-domainsimulation...........................86 4.2.2Time-marchingalgorithms..........................87 4.2.3Sampled-datamethods.............................89 4.2.4Waveformrelaxation...............................90 4.2.5Collocationmethods...............................91 4.2.6Conclusion.......................................92 4.3Amodelforcontinuous-time∆Σmodulators................92 4.3.1Thegenericbehavioralmodel.......................93 4.3.2Templatesforthegenericfunctions..................102 4.3.3Implementationofthegenericbehavioralmodel.......122 4.4Agenericbehavioralmodelforsampled-datasystems........129 4.4.1Generalsampled-datasystems......................129 4.4.2Genericbehavioralmodel...........................130 4.4.3Templatesforthegenericfunctions..................133 4.4.4Implementation...................................137 4.5Conclusions.............................................139 References..................................................140 5Frequency-DomainGenericBehavioralModels ............145 5.1Introduction............................................145 5.2Frequency-domainmodelingapproaches....................145 5.2.1Frequency-domainsimulation.......................145 5.2.2Harmonicbalancealgorithms.......................147 5.2.3Approacheswithtime-domainequivalentlow-pass models...........................................148 ContentsXI 5.2.4Strictlyfrequency-domainapproaches................149 5.2.5Overview.........................................150 5.3Anewfrequency-domainframework.......................151 5.3.1Requirements.....................................152 5.3.2Signalrepresentation..............................153 5.3.3Linearrepresentationofbuildingblocks..............160 5.3.4NoisesignalsinthePhase-FrequencyTransfermodel...171 5.3.5Nonlinearbehaviorofbuildingblocks................177 5.4Genericbehavioralmodelsforfront-ends...................187 5.4.1FundamentalRFreceiverfront-endoperation.........187 5.4.2Genericbehavioralmodel...........................188 5.4.3Templatesforthegenericfunctions..................191 5.4.4Implementationandexperimentalresults.............198 5.5Conclusions.............................................204 References..................................................205 PartIIITop-DownHeterogeneousSynthesis 6Top-DownHeterogeneousOptimization ....................213 6.1Introduction............................................213 6.2Objectivesforsynthesisstrategy...........................213 6.2.1Fundamentalrequirements..........................214 6.2.2Anevolutionaryapproach..........................218 6.3Top-downheterogeneousoptimizationmethodology..........219 6.3.1Overviewofmethodology...........................219 6.3.2Designpopulation.................................222 6.3.3Theembryonicdesign..............................225 6.3.4Performancecalculators............................228 6.3.5Evaluators........................................229 6.3.6Satisfactionlevels.................................231 6.3.7Transformations...................................235 6.3.8Selectionoftransformations........................241 6.3.9Conclusion.......................................243 6.4Application:analog-to-digitalconversion....................244 6.4.1Dedicatedlibraryfortop-downheterogeneous optimization......................................244 6.4.2DedicatedprogramforA/Dconversion...............245 6.5Conclusions.............................................253 References..................................................254 7Conclusions ................................................257 SymbolsandAbbreviations ....................................261 Index ..........................................................271