Abstract Vehicle tracking data is an essential “raw” ma- terial for a broad range of applications such as traffic management and control, routing, and navigation. An important issue with this data is its accuracy. The method of sampling vehicular movement using GPS is affected by two error sources and consequently produces inaccurate trajectory data. To become use- ful, the data has to be related to the under- lying road network by means of map match- ing algorithms. We present three such algo- rithms that consider especially th e trajectory e trajectory